If any man see his brother sin a sin which is not unto death, he shall ask, and he shall give him life for them that sin not unto death. There is a sin unto death: I do not say that he shall pray for it. (1 John 5:16, KJV.)
Have you ever wondered what this meant?
Is John really telling us not to pray for some people?
First notice verses 14-15:
And this is the confidence that we have in him, that, if we ask any thing according to his will, he heareth us: And if we know that he hear us, whatsoever we ask, we know that we have the petitions that we desired of him.
This is the immediate context, and it concerns prayers that are said according to God's will (and that are guaranteed a positive answer.)
Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown have some interesting comments on verse 16 in their "Critical and Explanatory Commentary on the Whole Bible":
The asker shall be the means, by his intercessory prayer, of God giving life to the sinning brother. Kindly reproof ought to accompany his intercessions. Life was in process of being forfeited by the sinning brother when the believer's intercession obtained its restoration.
for them--resuming the proviso put forth in the beginning of the verse. "Provided that the sin is not unto death." "Shall give life," I say, to, that is, obtain life "for (in the case of) them that sin not unto death."
I do not say that he shall pray for it--The Greek for "pray" means a REQUEST as of one on an equality, or at least on terms of familiarity, with him from whom the favor is sought. "The Christian intercessor for his brethren, John declares, shall not assume the authority which would be implied in making request for a sinner who has sinned the sin unto death (1Sa 15:35; 16:1; Mr 3:29), that it might be forgiven him" [TRENCH, Greek Synonyms of the New Testament]. Compare De 3:26. Greek "ask" implies the humble petition of an inferior; so that our Lord never uses it, but always uses (Greek) "request." Martha, from ignorance, once uses "ask" in His case (Joh 11:22). "Asking" for a brother sinning not unto death, is a humble petition in consonance with God's will. To "request" for a sin unto death [intercede, as it were, authoritatively for it, as though we were more merciful than God] would savor of presumption; prescribing to God in a matter which lies out of the bounds of our brotherly yearning (because one sinning unto death would thereby be demonstrated not to be, nor ever to have been, truly a brother, 1Jo 2:19), how He shall inflict and withhold His righteous judgments.
I checked this out.
In the original Greek, the word translated "ask" is Aiteo, and means to beg.
The word translated pray is Erotao, and is not the word commonly used for prayer (as in Luke 11:1-2, where the disciples asked our Lord to teach them to pray, and where the word is Proseuchomai.)
John wasn't forbidding us to pray for anyone, but not everyone is saved in this life (and if that's what we're praying for, we can't pray for everyone with the same confidence.)
Getting back to verses 14 and 15, Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown have this to say:
In so far as God's will is not our will, we are not abiding in faith, and our prayers are not accepted. ALFORD well says, If we knew God's will thoroughly, and submitted to it heartily, it would be impossible for us to ask anything for the spirit or for the body which He should not perform; it is this ideal state which the apostle has in view. It is the Spirit who teaches us inwardly, and Himself in us asks according to the will of God.
15. hear--Greek, "that He heareth us."
we have the petitions that we desired of him--We have, as present possessions, everything whatsoever we desired (asked) from Him. Not one of our past prayers offered in faith, according to His will, is lost. Like Hannah, we can rejoice over them as granted even before the event; and can recognize the event when it comes to pass, as not from chance, but obtained by our past prayers.
We can have confidence that our prayers will be answered, when we pray according to God's will for the repentance of a sinning brother or sister (who truly is a brother or sister, and therefore not sinning a sin unto death.)
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